Some Acids and Bases

Alkalies

lithium hydroxide
sodium hydroxide
potassium hydroxide
rubidium hydroxide
caesium hydroxide
francium hydroxide
beryllium hydroxide
magnesium hydroxide
calcium hydroxide
strontium hydroxide
barium hydroxide
ammonium hydroxide
sodium hydroxide
magnesium hydroxide                    

sodium hydroxide

 potassium hydroxide

barium hydroxide

ammonia

methylamine

pyridine

Acids 
 perchloric acid

hydroiodic acid

hydrobromic acid

hydrochloric acid

nitric acid

sulfuric acid   (diprotic)

acetic acid 

formic acid

hydrofluoric acid

hydrocyanic acid

nitrous acid

hydrogen sulfate ion

Some saturated Fatty Acids 

Common Name	Systematic Name	Structural Formula	Lipid Numbers
Propionic acid	Propanoic acid	CH3CH2COOH	C3:0
Butyric acid	Butanoic acid	CH3(CH2)2COOH	C4:0
Valeric acid	Pentanoic acid	CH3(CH2)3COOH	C5:0
Caproic acid	Hexanoic acid	CH3(CH2)4COOH	C6:0
Enanthic acid	Heptanoic acid	CH3(CH2)5)COOH	C7:0
Caprylic acid	Octanoic acid	CH3(CH2)6COOH	C8:0
Pelargonic acid	Nonanoic acid	CH3(CH2)7COOH	C9:0
Capric acid	Decanoic acid	CH3(CH2)8COOH	C10:0
Undecylic acid	Undecanoic acid	CH3(CH2)9COOH	C11:0
Lauric acid	Dodecanoic acid	CH3(CH2)10COOH	C12:0
Tridecylic acid	Tridecanoic acid	CH3(CH2)11COOH	C13:0
Myristic acid	Tetradecanoic acid	CH3(CH2)12COOH	C14:0
Pentadecylic acid	Pentadecanoic acid	CH3(CH2)13COOH	C15:0
Palmitic acid	Hexadecanoic acid	CH3(CH2)14COOH	C16:0
Margaric acid	Heptadecanoic acid	CH3(CH2)15COOH	C17:0
Stearic acid	Octadecanoic acid	CH3(CH2)16COOH	C18:0
Nonadecylic acid	Nonadecanoic acid	CH3(CH2)17COOH	C19:0
Arachidic acid	Eicosanoic acid	CH3(CH2)18COOH	C20:0
Heneicosylic acid	Heneicosanoic acid	CH3(CH2)19COOH	C21:0
Behenic acid	Docosanoic acid	CH3(CH2)20COOH	C22:0
Tricosylic acid	Tricosanoic acid	CH3(CH2)21COOH	C23:0
Lignoceric acid	Tetracosanoic acid	CH3(CH2)22COOH	C24:0
Pentacosylic acid	Pentacosanoic acid	CH3(CH2)23COOH	C25:0
Cerotic acid	Hexacosanoic acid	CH3(CH2)24COOH	C26:0
Heptacosylic acid	Heptacosanoic acid	CH3(CH2)25COOH	C27:0
Montanic acid	Octacosanoic acid	CH3(CH2)26COOH	C28:0
Nonacosylic acid	Nonacosanoic acid	CH3(CH2)27COOH	C29:0
Melissic acid	Triacontanoic acid	CH3(CH2)28COOH	C30:0
Henatriacontylic acid	Henatriacontanoic acid	CH3(CH2)29COOH	C31:0
Lacceroic acid	Dotriacontanoic acid	CH3(CH2)30COOH	C32:0
Psyllic acid	Tritriacontanoic acid	CH3(CH2)31COOH	C33:0
Geddic acid	Tetratriacontanoic acid	CH3(CH2)32COOH	C34:0
Ceroplastic acid	Pentatriacontanoic acid	CH3(CH2)33COOH	C35:0
Hexatriacontylic acid	Hexatriacontanoic acid	CH3(CH2)34COOH	C36:0

Mineral acids

• Hydrogen halides and their solutions: hydrochloric acid (HCl), hydrobromic acid (HBr), hydroiodic acid (HI)
• Halogen oxoacids: hypochloric acid, chloric acid, perchloric acid, periodic acid and corresponding compounds for bromine and iodine
• Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
• Fluorosulfuric acid
• Nitric acid (HNO₃)
• Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)
• Fluoroantimonic acid
• Fluoroboric acid
• Hexafluorophosphoric acid
• Chromic acid (H₂CrO₄)
• Boric acid (H₃BO₃)

• Sulfonic acids

  • Methanesulfonic acid (or mesylic acid, CH₃SO₃H)
  • Ethanesulfonic acid (or esylic acid, CH₃CH₂SO₃H)
  • Benzenesulfonic acid (or besylic acid, C₆H₅SO₃H)
  • p-Toluenesulfonic acid (or tosylic acid, CH₃C₆H₄SO₃H)
  • Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (or triflic acid, CF₃SO₃H)
  • Polystyrene sulfonic acid (sulfonated polystyrene, [CH₂CH(C₆H₄)SO₃H]_n)
  
  

  Carboxylic acids

  • Acetic acid
  • Citric acid
  • Formic acid
  • Gluconic acid
  • Lactic acid
  • Oxalic acid
  • Tartaric acid

  Vinylogous carboxylic acids

  • Ascorbic acid
  • Meldrum's acid
  
  

   Nucleic acids

  • Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
  • Ribonucleic acid (RNA)